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Imiterere ya sandwich ikoreshwa cyane munganda nyinshi bitewe nuburyo bukomeye bwa mashini. Imikoranire yizi nzego nikintu gikomeye cyane mugucunga no kunoza imiterere yubukanishi mubihe bitandukanye byo gupakira. Inzira ya concave ni abakandida b'indashyikirwa kugirango bakoreshwe nk'imikoranire muri iyo sandwich kubwimpamvu nyinshi, arizo guhuza ubworoherane bwabo (urugero, igipimo cya Poisson nigiciro cya elastique stiffness) hamwe no guhindagurika (urugero, elastique yo hejuru) kubworoshye. Imbaraga-z-igipimo cyimiterere igerwaho muguhindura gusa ibintu bya geometrike bigize selile selile. Hano, dukora iperereza ku gisubizo cyibisubizo byurwego 3 rwibanze rwibanze rwa sandwich dukoresheje isesengura (urugero, inyigisho ya zigzag), kubara (ni ukuvuga ikintu cyanyuma) hamwe nibizamini byubushakashatsi. Twasesenguye kandi ingaruka zuburinganire bwa geometrike yuburyo bwimiterere ya latike (urugero: inguni, uburebure, uburebure bwa selile uburebure bugereranije) kumyitwarire rusange yubukorikori bwa sandwich. Twabonye ko ibyingenzi bifite imyitwarire ifasha (ni ukuvuga igipimo cya Poisson itari nziza) kigaragaza imbaraga zidasanzwe kandi ntagahunda ntoya yo mu ndege ugereranije nibyishimo bisanzwe. Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi birashobora gutanga inzira yiterambere ryiterambere ryimikorere myinshi igizwe nububiko bwibanze bwububiko bwikirere hamwe nibinyabuzima bikoreshwa.
Bitewe n'imbaraga nyinshi nuburemere buke, inyubako za sandwich zikoreshwa cyane mu nganda nyinshi, zirimo ibikoresho bya mashini na siporo, ibikoresho byo mu nyanja, ikirere, hamwe n’ubuhanga bw’ibinyabuzima. Inzitizi ya concave ni umwe mubashobora kuba umukandida ufatwa nkurwego rwibanze muri ubwo buryo bukomatanyije bitewe nubushobozi bwabo bwo kwinjiza ingufu hamwe nimbaraga zingana-zingana na 1,2,3. Mubihe byashize, hashyizweho ingufu nyinshi mugushushanya ibyuma byoroheje bya sandwich hamwe na latike zegeranye kugirango turusheho kunoza imiterere yubukanishi. Ingero zibyo bishushanyo zirimo imitwaro yumuvuduko mwinshi mubwato bwubwato hamwe nogukoresha imashini mumodoka4,5. Impamvu ituma imiterere ya latike yubatswe ikundwa cyane, idasanzwe kandi ikwiranye nubwubatsi bwa sandwich nubushobozi bwayo bwo kwigenga guhuza imiterere ya elastomechanical (urugero: gukomera kwa elastique no kugereranya Poisson). Imwe mumitungo ishimishije ni imyitwarire yubufasha (cyangwa igipimo cya Poisson itari nziza), bivuga kwaguka kuruhande rwimiterere ya lattice iyo irambuye igihe kirekire. Iyi myitwarire idasanzwe ifitanye isano na microstructural igishushanyo mbonera cyayo kigizwe na 7,8,9.
Kuva ubushakashatsi bwibiyaga byambere mubyakozwe mu gukora ifuro zifasha, hashyizweho ingufu zikomeye zo guteza imbere inyubako zifite igipimo cyiza cya Poisson10,11. Geometrie nyinshi zasabwe kugera kuriyi ntego, nka chiral, igice-gikomeye, hamwe ningirabuzimafatizo zizunguruka, 12 zose zigaragaza imyitwarire yubufasha. Kuza kwinganda ziyongera (AM, bizwi kandi ko ari icapiro rya 3D) tekinoroji nayo yorohereje ishyirwa mubikorwa ryuburyo bwa 2D cyangwa 3D13.
Imyitwarire yubufasha itanga imiterere yihariye. Kurugero, ibiyaga na Elms14 byagaragaje ko ifuro ifasha ifite imbaraga nyinshi zo gutanga umusaruro, imbaraga zo kwinjiza ingufu nyinshi, hamwe no gukomera kurenza ifuro risanzwe. Kubyerekeranye nubukanishi bwimikorere ya fonction auxetic, berekana imbaraga zo guhangana munsi yimitwaro ivunika kandi irambuye cyane munsi yubusa. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha fibre auxetic nkibikoresho byongera imbaraga mubihimbano bizamura imiterere yubukanishi16 no kurwanya ibyangiritse biterwa no kurambura fibre17.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye kandi ko gukoresha inyubako zifatika zifatika nkibyingenzi byubatswe bigoramye bishobora kunoza imikorere yindege, harimo gukomera no gukomera18. Ukoresheje icyitegererezo, byaragaragaye kandi ko intangiriro yingirakamaro ishobora kongera imbaraga zo kuvunika kwa panne compte19. Ibigize hamwe na fibre auxetic nayo irinda gukwirakwira ugereranije na fibre isanzwe20.
Zhang et al.21 yerekanye imyitwarire yo kugongana kwimikorere yo kugaruka kwimikorere. Basanze imbaraga za voltage nogukoresha imbaraga zishobora kunozwa hongerwa inguni yingirabuzimafatizo yingirakamaro, bikavamo gusya hamwe nikigereranyo cya Poisson mbi. Basabye kandi ko imbaho za sandwich zifasha zishobora gukoreshwa nk'inzego zo gukingira ingaruka ziterwa n'umuvuduko ukabije. Imbalzano et al.22 yatangaje kandi ko impapuro zifatika zishobora gukwirakwiza ingufu nyinshi (ni ukuvuga inshuro ebyiri) binyuze mu guhindura plastike kandi zishobora kugabanya umuvuduko wo hejuru kuruhande rwa 70% ugereranije nimpapuro imwe.
Mu myaka yashize, hibanzwe cyane ku mibare nubushakashatsi bwububiko bwa sandwich hamwe nuwuzuza auxetic. Ubu bushakashatsi bugaragaza uburyo bwo kunoza imiterere yubukorikori bwa sandwich. Kurugero, urebye umubyimba uhagije uhagije nkibyingenzi bya sandwich birashobora kuvamo modulus nziza cyane ya Young kuruta urwego rukomeye23. Byongeye kandi, imyitwarire igoramye yibiti byamuritswe 24 cyangwa ingirabuzimafatizo ya 25 irashobora kunozwa hamwe na algorithm. Hariho ubundi bushakashatsi bujyanye no kugerageza imashini yaguka ya sandwich yubatswe munsi yimitwaro iremereye. Kurugero, kwipimisha compression yibintu bifatika hamwe na auxetic agregate, paneli ya sandwich munsi yumutwaro uturika27, ibizamini byunamye28 hamwe nigeragezwa ryumuvuduko muke29, hamwe nisesengura ryumurongo utari umurongo uhetamye wa paneli ya sandwich hamwe nibikorwa bitandukanye bya auxetic30.
Kuberako kwigana mudasobwa hamwe nisuzuma ryikigereranyo ryibishushanyo nkibi akenshi bitwara igihe kandi biratwara amafaranga menshi, harakenewe guteza imbere uburyo bwa tewolojiya bushobora gutanga neza kandi neza amakuru akenewe mugushushanya ibice byinshi byubufasha bwibanze muburyo bwo gupakira ibintu uko bishakiye. igihe gikwiye. Nyamara, uburyo bugezweho bwo gusesengura bufite aho bugarukira. By'umwihariko, izi nyigisho ntizisobanutse neza kugirango zihanure imyitwarire yibikoresho byimbitse ugereranije no gusesengura ibice bigizwe nibikoresho byinshi bifite imiterere itandukanye ya elastique.
Kubera ko ubu buryo bwo gusesengura bushingiye kumitwaro ikoreshwa hamwe nimbibi zimbibi, hano tuzibanda kumyitwarire yimikorere yibikoresho bya sandwich. Igitekerezo kimwe gihwanye nigitekerezo cyakoreshejwe kubisesengura ntigishobora guhanura neza impagarara zogosha hamwe na axial muri laminates zidafite imbaraga nyinshi mubyimbye bya sandwich. Byongeye kandi, mubitekerezo bimwe na bimwe (urugero, mubitekerezo byubatswe), umubare wimpinduka za kinematike (urugero, kwimuka, umuvuduko, nibindi) biterwa cyane numubare wabyo. Ibi bivuze ko umurima wimikorere ya buri cyiciro ushobora gusobanurwa wigenga, mugihe uhaza imbogamizi zikomeza kumubiri. Kubwibyo, ibi biganisha ku kuzirikana umubare munini wibihinduka murugero, bigatuma ubu buryo buhenze kubara. Kugira ngo dutsinde izo mbogamizi, turasaba uburyo bushingiye ku nyigisho za zigzag, icyiciro cyihariye cya tewolojiya myinshi. Igitekerezo gitanga ubudahwema bwo guhagarika umutima mu bunini bwa laminate, ukeka ko zigzag ishusho yimuka yindege. Rero, zigzag teoriya itanga umubare umwe wimpinduka za kinematike utitaye kumubare wibice muri laminate.
Kugirango tugaragaze imbaraga zuburyo bwacu muguhishurira imyitwarire ya paneli ya sandwich hamwe na cores conve munsi yumutwaro uhetamye, twagereranije ibisubizo byacu nibitekerezo bya kera (nukuvuga uburyo bwacu hamwe nuburyo bwo kubara (ni ukuvuga ibintu bitagira ingano) hamwe namakuru yubushakashatsi (nukuvuga ingingo eshatu 3D yacapishijwe sandwich) geometrike ibipimo bya sandwich hamwe na auxetic yuzuza, byorohereza gushakisha ibyubaka bifite imiterere yubukanishi.
Reba ibice bitatu bya sandwich (Ishusho 1). Ibishushanyo mbonera bya geometrike: urwego rwo hejuru \ ({h} _ {t} \), urwego rwagati \ ({h} _ {c} \) hamwe nubutaka bwo hasi \ ({h} _ {b} \) uburebure. Turakekeranya ko ibyingenzi byubatswe bigizwe nuburyo bwubatswe. Imiterere igizwe na selile yibanze itunganijwe kuruhande rumwe muburyo buteganijwe. Muguhindura ibipimo bya geometrike yimiterere, birashoboka guhindura imiterere yubukanishi (urugero, indangagaciro zigereranyo cya Poisson hamwe no gukomera kwa elastique). Ibipimo bya geometrike ya selile yibanze byerekanwe mubishushanyo. 1 harimo inguni (θ), uburebure (h), uburebure (L) n'ubugari bw'inkingi (t).
Igitekerezo cya zigzag gitanga ubuhanuzi nyabwo bwimyitwarire hamwe nimyitwarire yimyitwarire yububiko butandukanye. Kwimura muburyo bwa zigzag bigizwe nibice bibiri. Igice cya mbere cyerekana imyitwarire yikibaho cya sandwich muri rusange, mugihe igice cya kabiri kireba imyitwarire hagati yinzego kugirango habeho guhagarika umutima (cyangwa ibyo bita zigzag imikorere). Mubyongeyeho, ikintu cya zigzag kibura hejuru yinyuma ya laminate, kandi ntabwo kiri imbere muriki gice. Rero, imikorere ya zigzag yemeza ko buri cyiciro kigira uruhare muburyo bwo guhuza ibice. Itandukaniro ryingenzi ritanga uburyo bufatika bwo gukwirakwiza imikorere ya zigzag ugereranije nindi mirimo ya zigzag. Moderi yahinduwe ya zigzag ntabwo itanga ihindagurika ryimyenda ikomeza kurwego rwagati. Kubwibyo, ikibanza cyo kwimura gishingiye ku gitekerezo cya zigzag gishobora kwandikwa ku buryo bukurikira31.
mu kuringaniza. (1), k = b, c na t byerekana hepfo, hagati no hejuru hejuru. Umwanya wo kwimura indege igereranije ukurikira umurongo wa Cartesian (x, y, z) ni (u, v, w), kandi kuzunguruka mu ndege hafi ya (x, y) umurongo ni \ ({\ uptheta} _ {x} \) na \ ({\ uptheta} _ {y} \). \. z \ iburyo) \) na \ ({\ phi} _ {y} ^ {k} \ ibumoso (z \ iburyo) \) ni imikorere ya zigzag.
Amplitude ya zigzag nigikorwa cya vector cyibisubizo nyabyo byisahani kumutwaro washyizweho. Batanga igipimo gikwiye cyimikorere ya zigzag, bityo bakagenzura uruhare rusange rwa zigzag mukwimura indege. Intama zogosha hejuru yisahani igizwe nibice bibiri. Igice cya mbere ni impande zogosha, zingana hejuru yubugari bwa laminate, naho igice cya kabiri nigikorwa gihoraho, gihuza uburebure bwa buri cyiciro. Ukurikije iyi mirimo ihoraho, imikorere ya zigzag ya buri cyiciro irashobora kwandikwa nka:
mu kuringaniza. (2), \ ({c} _ {11} ^ {k} \) hamwe na \ disiki. Mubyongeyeho, \ ({G} _ {x} \) na \ ({G} _ {y} \) nuburinganire buringaniye buringaniye bwogosha, bwerekanwe nka 31:
Imikorere ibiri ya zigzag amplitude (Ikigereranyo (3)) hamwe na eshanu zisigaye za kinematike (Ikigereranyo (2)) cya tewolojiya ya mbere yo gutondekanya shear deformasiyo igizwe na kinematike irindwi ijyanye niyi mpinduka ya plaque ya zigzag. Dufashe umurongo uterwa no guhindura ibintu no kuzirikana igitekerezo cya zigzag, umurima wo guhindura ibintu muri sisitemu yo guhuza ibikorwa bya Cartesian urashobora kuboneka nka:
aho \ ({\ varepsilon} _ {yy} \) na \ ({\ varepsilon} _ {xx} \) ni ubumuga busanzwe, kandi \ ({\ gamma} _ {yz}, {\ gamma} _ {xz} \) na \ ({\ gamma} _ {xy} \) ni impinduramatwara.
Ukoresheje amategeko ya Hooke kandi urebye ibitekerezo bya zigzag, isano iri hagati yo guhangayika no guhangayikishwa nisahani ya orthotropique ifite imiterere ya latike irashobora kuboneka uhereye kuburinganire (1). .
aho \ ({G} _ {ij} ^ {k} \), \ ({E} _ {ij} ^ {k} \) na \ ({v} _ {ij} ^ {k} \) baciwe imbaraga ni modulus mubyerekezo bitandukanye, Modulus yumusore hamwe na Poisson. Izi coefficient zingana mubyerekezo byose kuri isotopic layer. Mubyongeyeho, kuri nuclei igaruka ya lattice, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo 1, iyi mitungo irashobora kwandikwa nka 33.
Gushyira mu bikorwa ihame rya Hamilton ku kuringaniza icyerekezo cya plaque igizwe na plaque ya lattice yegeranye itanga ibipimo fatizo kubishushanyo mbonera. Ihame rya Hamilton rishobora kwandikwa nka:
Muri byo, δ byerekana ibikorwa bitandukanye, U byerekana imbaraga zishobora gukomera, naho W igereranya imirimo ikorwa nimbaraga zo hanze. Ingufu zose zishobora gukomera ziboneka hakoreshejwe ikigereranyo. (9), aho A ni agace k'indege yo hagati.
Dufashe ikoreshwa rimwe ryumutwaro (p) mu cyerekezo cya z, umurimo wimbaraga zo hanze urashobora kuboneka muburyo bukurikira:
Gusimbuza ikigereranyo (4) na (5) (9) no gusimbuza ikigereranyo. .
Ironderero ((\ phi \) ryerekana imikorere ya zigzag, \ ({N} _ {ij} \) na \ ({Q} _ {iz} \) ni imbaraga mu ndege no hanze, \ ({M} _ {ij} \) byerekana umwanya wo kunama, kandi formula yo kubara niyi ikurikira:
Gushyira mubikorwa ibice kuburinganire. Gusimbuza formula (12) no kubara coefficente yo gutandukana, igereranya ryerekana ikibaho cya sandwich urashobora kuboneka muburyo bwa formula (12). (13).
Itandukaniro rinyuranyo ryuburinganire kubishyigikiwe byubusa ibyapa bitatu byakemuwe nuburyo bwa Galerkin. Ukurikije imiterere ya quasi-static, imikorere itazwi ifatwa nkikigereranyo: (14).
\ ({u} _ {m, n} \), \ ({v} _ {m, n} \), \ ({w} _ {m, n} \), \ ({{\ uptheta} _ {\ mathrm {x}}} _ {\ mathrm {m} \ inyandiko {, n}} \), \ ({{\ uptheta} _ {\ mathrm {y}}} _ {\ mathrm {m} \ inyandiko {, n}} \), \ ({{\ uppsi} _ {\ mathrm {x}}} _ {\ mathrm {m} \ inyandiko {, n}} \) na \ ({{\ uppsi} _ { \ mathrm {y}}} _ {\ mathrm {m} \ inyandiko {, n}} \) ni ibintu bitazwi bishobora kuboneka mugabanya amakosa. \ (\ umurongo { {, y}}} \ iburyo) \), \ (\ hejuru { {{{\ uptheta} _ {x}}}} \ ibumoso ({x {\ inyandiko {, y}}} \ iburyo) \), \ (\ umurongo {\ hejuru }}} \ ibumoso ({x {\ inyandiko {, y}}} \ iburyo) \), \ (\ kurenga {\ umurongo {{\ psi_ {x}}}} \ ibumoso ({x {\ inyandiko {, y}}} \ iburyo) \) na \ (\ kurenga {\ hejuru { bigomba kuba byujuje imipaka ntarengwa ikenewe. Kubireba imipaka gusa, imikorere yikizamini irashobora kubarwa nka:
Gusimbuza ibigereranyo bitanga algebraic ingero. . (14).
Twifashishije ibintu bitagira ingano byerekana (FEM) kugirango twigane mudasobwa-twunamye twunamye kuntebe ya sandwich yubuntu hamwe nuburyo bwa latike yubatswe nkibyingenzi. Isesengura ryakozwe mubucuruzi butagira ingano (urugero, Abaqus verisiyo 6.12.1). Ibintu bikomeye bya 3D hexahedral (C3D8R) hamwe no guhuza byoroheje byakoreshejwe mugushushanya hejuru no hepfo, naho ibice bya tetrahedral (C3D4) byakoreshejwe mugushushanya imiterere ya latike hagati (conave). Twakoze isesengura rya mesh kugirango tumenye guhuza mesh hanyuma dusoza tuvuga ko ibisubizo byimurwa byahujwe nubunini buto buranga mubice bitatu. Isahani ya sandwich yapakiwe hifashishijwe imikorere yimikorere ya sinusoidal, urebye imipaka ishyigikiwe kubuntu kumpande enye. Imyitwarire yumurongo wa elastike ifatwa nkicyitegererezo cyibikoresho byahawe ibice byose. Ntaho bihurira byihariye hagati yabyo, birahujwe.
Twifashishije uburyo bwo gucapa 3D kugirango dukore prototype yacu (nukuvuga inshuro eshatu zacapishijwe auxetic core sandwich panel) hamwe nuburyo bwihariye bwo kugerageza gukora kugirango dushyireho ibintu bisa nkibintu byunamye (umutwaro umwe p kuruhande rwa z-cyerekezo) hamwe nimbibi (ni ukuvuga gushyigikirwa gusa). byafashwe muburyo bwacu bwo gusesengura (Ishusho 1).
Ikibaho cya sandwich cyacapishijwe ku icapiro rya 3D rigizwe nimpu ebyiri (hejuru no hepfo) hamwe n’uruzitiro rufunitse, ibipimo byerekanwe mu mbonerahamwe ya 1, kandi byakorewe kuri printer ya Ultimaker 3 3D (Ubutaliyani) hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kubitsa ( FDM). ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mubikorwa byaryo. Twacapuye 3D icyapa fatizo hamwe nuburyo bukuru bwa auxetic lattice hamwe, hanyuma dusohora igice cyo hejuru ukwacyo. Ibi bifasha kwirinda ingorane zose mugihe cyo gukuraho inkunga niba igishushanyo cyose kigomba gucapirwa icyarimwe. Nyuma yo gucapa 3D, ibice bibiri bitandukanye bifatanye hamwe ukoresheje superglue. Twacapuye ibyo bice dukoresheje aside polylactique (PLA) murwego rwo hejuru rwuzuye (ni ukuvuga 100%) kugirango twirinde inenge zose zacapwe.
Sisitemu yo gufunga sisitemu yigana uburyo bworoshye bwo gushyigikira imipaka yemewe muburyo bwacu bwo gusesengura. Ibi bivuze ko sisitemu yo gufata ibuza ikibaho kugenda ku mpande zacyo mu cyerekezo cya x na y, bigatuma impande zombi zizunguruka mu bwisanzure hafi ya x na y. Ibi bikorwa harebwa ibyuzuye hamwe na radiyo r = h / 2 kumpande enye za sisitemu yo gufata (Ishusho 2). Sisitemu yo gufatana kandi yemeza ko umutwaro washyizwe mu buryo bwuzuye uva mu mashini yipimisha ukajya ku kibaho kandi ugahuza n'umurongo wo hagati w'ikibaho (ishusho 2). Twifashishije tekinoroji yo gucapa 3D-jet (ObjetJ735 Connex3, Stratasys® Ltd, USA) hamwe nubucuruzi bukomeye (nka seriveri ya Vero) kugirango dusohore sisitemu yo gufata.
Igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu ya 3D yacapwe yihariye yo gufata hamwe ninteko yayo hamwe na 3D ya sandwich yanditseho icyuma gifatika.
Dukora igenzurwa ryimikorere ya quasi-static compression dukoresheje intebe yikizamini cya mashini (Lloyd LR, selile selile = 100 N) hanyuma tugakusanya imbaraga za mashini hamwe nizimurwa ku gipimo cya 20 Hz.
Iki gice cyerekana imibare yubushakashatsi bwateganijwe. Dufata ko hejuru no hepfo ibice bikozwe muri karubone epoxy resin, naho imiterere ya lattice yibice bya conave ikozwe muri polymer. Imiterere yubukorikori bwibikoresho byakoreshejwe muri ubu bushakashatsi byerekanwe mu mbonerahamwe ya 2. Byongeye kandi, ibipimo bitagira urugero by’ibisubizo byimurwa hamwe n’imirima ihangayikishije bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 3.
Umubare ntarengwa uhagaritse kwimura isahani imwe yapakiwe kubusa yagereranijwe nibisubizo byabonetse muburyo butandukanye (Imbonerahamwe 4). Hariho amasezerano meza hagati yigitekerezo cyatanzwe, uburyo bwanyuma nuburyo bwo kugenzura.
Twagereranije kwimura vertical ya tewolojiya ya zigzag yahinduwe (RZT) hamwe nigitekerezo cya 3D elastique (Pagano), icyiciro cya mbere cyogosha uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu (FSDT), nibisubizo bya FEM (reba Ishusho 3). Itondekanya rya mbere ryogosha inyigisho, rishingiye ku gishushanyo mbonera cyo kwimura amasahani manini cyane, gitandukanye cyane nigisubizo cyoroshye. Ariko, igitekerezo cyahinduwe cya zigzag gihanura ibisubizo nyabyo. Twongeyeho, twagereranije kandi impagarara ziva mu ndege hamwe n’indege ihangayikishijwe n’ibitekerezo bitandukanye, muri byo inyigisho ya zigzag yabonye ibisubizo nyabyo kuruta FSDT (Ishusho 4).
Kugereranya imiterere isanzwe ihagaritse ibarwa ukoresheje inyigisho zitandukanye kuri y = b / 2.
Guhindura impagarara zogosha (a) hamwe nibisanzwe (b) hejuru yubugari bwikibaho cya sandwich, ubarwa ukoresheje ibitekerezo bitandukanye.
Ibikurikira, twasesenguye ingaruka za geometrike yibice bigize selile hamwe ningingo ifatika kumiterere rusange yubukanishi bwa sandwich. Ingirabuzimafatizo ya selile ningingo ya geometrike yingenzi mugushushanya ibyubatswe byongeye 34,35,36. Kubwibyo, twabaze ingaruka zinguni zingirabuzimafatizo, kimwe nubunini hanze yimbere, kumurongo wose wibisahani (Ishusho 5). Nkuko umubyimba wurwego rwagati wiyongera, ntarengwa ntarengwa igabanuka. Imbaraga zijyanye no kunama ziyongera kumurongo wibanze kandi iyo \ (\ frac {{h} _ {c}} {h} = 1 \) (ni ukuvuga, iyo hari urwego rumwe). Ikibaho cya Sandwich gifite selile yingirakamaro (ni ukuvuga \ (\ theta = 70 ^ \ umuzenguruko \)) bifite ibyimurwa bito (Ishusho 5). Ibi birerekana ko imbaraga zunama zingirakamaro zingirakamaro zirenze izisanzwe zisanzwe zifasha, ariko ntigikora neza kandi ifite igipimo cyiza cya Poisson.
Ubusanzwe gutandukana cyane kwinkoni ya lattice ifatanye ifite ingirabuzimafatizo zitandukanye hamwe nubunini bwindege.
Ubunini bwintandaro yo gusya auxetic hamwe nigipimo cya aspect (ni ukuvuga \ (\ theta = 70 ^ \ umuzenguruko \)) bigira ingaruka kumyuka ntarengwa ya plaque ya sandwich (Ishusho 6). Birashobora kugaragara ko gutandukana kwisahani kwiyongera hamwe no kwiyongera h / l. Mubyongeyeho, kongera umubyimba wintoki ya auxetic bigabanya ubukana bwimiterere yimiterere, bityo bikongerera imbaraga zo kugonda imiterere.
Gutandukana kwinshi kwa paneli ya sandwich iterwa nububiko bwa lattice hamwe nubufasha bwa auxetic yubunini butandukanye n'uburebure.
Kwiga kumirima yibibazo ni agace gashimishije gashobora gushakishwa muguhindura ibipimo bya geometrike ya selile yingingo kugirango bige uburyo bwo kunanirwa (urugero, gusiba) byimiterere myinshi. Umubare wa Poisson ugira ingaruka zikomeye kumurima wogutwara indege hanze yindege kuruta guhangayika bisanzwe (reba Ishusho 7). Mubyongeyeho, iyi ngaruka ntisanzwe muburyo butandukanye bitewe nuburyo bwa orthotropique yibintu byibyishimo. Ibindi bipimo bya geometrike, nkubunini, uburebure, nuburebure bwimiterere ya conve, ntabwo byagize ingaruka nke kumurima uhangayitse, ntabwo rero byasesenguwe muri ubu bushakashatsi.
Guhindura ibice byimyitozo mubice bitandukanye bya sandwich hamwe na lattice yuzuza impande zitandukanye.
Hano, imbaraga zigoramye zishyigikiwe nubusa isahani igizwe na plaque ya lattice yibanze irakorwa hifashishijwe inyigisho ya zigzag. Icyifuzo giteganijwe kugereranwa nizindi nyigisho za kera, zirimo inyigisho-eshatu-elastique théoritike, icyiciro cya mbere cyogosha uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu, na FEM. Twemeza kandi uburyo bwacu tugereranya ibisubizo byacu nibisubizo byubushakashatsi kuri 3D sandwich yanditse. Ibisubizo byacu byerekana ko igitekerezo cya zigzag gishobora guhanura ihinduka ryimiterere ya sandwich yuburebure buringaniye munsi yimitwaro yunamye. Byongeye kandi, hasesenguwe ingaruka zerekana ibipimo bya geometrike yimiterere ya lattice yubatswe ku myitwarire yunamye ya paneli ya sandwich. Ibisubizo byerekana ko uko urwego rwubufasha rwiyongera (urugero, θ <90), imbaraga zunama ziyongera. Mubyongeyeho, kongera igipimo cya aspect no kugabanya umubyimba wibanze bizagabanya imbaraga zo kugunama kumwanya wa sandwich. Hanyuma, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku ngaruka za Poisson ku mpagarara zo mu ndege zitari mu ndege, kandi hemezwa ko igipimo cya Poisson gifite uruhare runini ku ihungabana ry’imisatsi iterwa n'ubunini bw'isahani yanduye. Ibyifuzo byateganijwe hamwe numwanzuro birashobora gufungura inzira yo gushushanya no gutezimbere inyubako zinyuranye zifite ibyuma byuzuzanya bya lattice mu bihe bigoye byo gupakira bikenewe mu gushushanya ibikoresho bitwara imitwaro mu kirere no mu buhanga bw’ibinyabuzima.
Imibare ikoreshwa kandi / cyangwa yasesenguwe mubyigisho byubu iraboneka kubanditsi babisabwe babisabye.
Aktai L., Johnson AF na Kreplin B. Kh. Kwigana kumibare yibiranga kurimbuka kwubuki. injeniyeri. kuvunika. ubwoya. 75 (9), 2616-22630 (2008).
Gibson LJ na Ashby MF Ibikomeye: Imiterere n'umutungo (Itangazamakuru rya kaminuza ya Cambridge, 1999).
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-12-2023