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Ibarura ku bacuruza amamodoka mashya kandi akoreshwa n’ibice byagabanutse kugera kuri miliyari 145 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu Kwakira, urwego rwo hasi cyane kuva mu mpeshyi ya 2012, rwaragabanutseho 23% kuva mu Kwakira umwaka ushize naho 40% rwaragabanutse kuva mu mezi yabanjirije icyorezo. ku makuru yatangajwe n’ishami ry’ubucuruzi ku wa gatatu.
Ibarura ry’amadolari y’Amerika ryaragabanutseho 18% nubwo umwaka ushize wa 44% byazamutse ku giciro cy’ibinyabiziga bikoreshwa mu kugurisha no guhinduranya rusange n’abakora amamodoka ku modoka nshya zashyize imbere uburyo bwabo bwunguka cyane. Igiciro cy’ibicuruzwa.
Uku kugoreka ibiciro byamateka byazamuye cyane ibarura ry’amadolari, kandi birashobora gutuma ingano y’ibarura ryiyongera mu buryo bw’amateka.Ariko umubare nyawo w’ibinyabiziga biri mu bubiko waguye - tuzabigeraho nyuma - ndetse nta nubwo byinjira. ibiciro by'imodoka birashobora kubipfukirana.
Umubare w’ibarura-ku-kugurisha - ibarura ry’amadolari ugabanijwe n’igurishwa ry’idolari, kugabanya ibiciro biri hejuru - ryongeye kugabanuka mu Kwakira kugira ngo ryandike muri Mata na Gicurasi, rito cyane mu makuru yo mu 1992:
Hejuru ku ifoto: Nyuma yigihe cya Lehman mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2008, kugurisha imodoka nshya byagabanutse, maze Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika zuzura mu buryo butunguranye, kandi umubare w’ibarura n’ibicuruzwa wariyongereye. munsi y'ibarura-kugurisha-ukwezi.
Igabanuka ry’igurisha muri Werurwe na Mata 2020 ryateje umuvuduko mwinshi mu kigereranyo cy’ibicuruzwa n’ibicuruzwa. Ibicuruzwa byatanzwe nyuma ndetse no gukangurira icyarimwe icyifuzo cy’ingaruka byagize ingaruka.
Kugirango ubisobanure: Ibyavuzwe haruguru bijyanye no kubara ibinyabiziga bishya kandi bikoreshwa hamwe nibice mumadolari.Ibikurikira ni imodoka nshya gusa, mubice.Mu bikurikira, tuzamenyekanisha imodoka zikoreshwa mubice.
Ibicuruzwa bitagurishijwe by’imodoka n’amakamyo yoroheje byari 995.568 mu Gushyingo (byiyongereyeho 8% guhera mu Kwakira, Hallelujah), byagabanutseho 64% bivuye ku modoka nshya miliyoni 2.76 mu Gushyingo 2020 no kuva kuri 3.5 mu Gushyingo 2020 Ibarura ryagabanutseho 71% mu Gushyingo 2019 ku 100.000 ibinyabiziga, nk'uko bitangazwa na Cox Automotive.
Iminsi yo gutanga mu Gushyingo yari iminsi 32 kandi iri murwego rumwe hagati yiminsi 29 na 33 kuva Gicurasi.
Gutanga ubuzima bwiza ni iminsi 60.Mu Gushyingo 2020, itangwa ni iminsi 70.Mu Kwakira 2019, itangwa ryari iminsi 88 - inkuru mbi mu kindi cyerekezo, byerekana ko gukonjesha gukurura ibicuruzwa byatumye habaho kugabanuka.
Impuzandengo y'iminsi bifata abadandaza kugurisha imodoka nshya yagabanutse kugeza ku rwego rwo hejuru mu Gushyingo, nk'uko Cox Automotive ibitangaza, kubera ko imodoka nyinshi zategekwaga n'abakiriya bakavuga igihe amaherezo zajugunywe mu bwikorezi, ibarura ry'umucuruzi. ubufindo mubyukuri ni buto cyane.
Igurisha ryaragabanutse cyane kubera ibicuruzwa bikabije.Nk'uko bivugwa na BEA, igipimo cy’umwaka cyagurishijwe ku gihe cy’imodoka nshya cyagabanutseho 19% umwaka ushize mu Gushyingo na 25% guhera mu Gushyingo 2019, kubera ko hari ibarura rito ryagurishijwe:
Toyota yagize icyi gikomeye mu ntangiriro zuyu mwaka, irinda byinshi mu bice bya semiconductor binyuze mu masezerano yihariye n’abatanga semiconductor mu myaka icumi ishize.Iyo abandi bakora amamodoka yabuze ibarura, ibicuruzwa byayo byiyongereye. Amasezerano arangira nyuma y’amezi atatu kugeza kuri atandatu.Ku mu mpeshyi, umusaruro wa Toyota wari wibasiwe n’ibura rya semiconductor, kandi igabanuka ryinshi ry’umusaruro ryaragabanutse ku bacuruzi n’ibarura ryabo.
GM na Ford byibasiwe cyane n’ibura rya semiconductor mu ntangiriro zumwaka, ariko ubu babonye ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe kandi umusaruro urakomeza, nubwo Toyota irimo guhonyorwa.
Iminsi y'abacuruzi ba Toyota yo gutanga ibicuruzwa yagabanutse kugeza ku minsi 16 kubera ko ahanini abadandaza badafite ibinyabiziga ku mugabane wabo ubu, bagurisha ibice abakiriya batumije, cyangwa bagurisha ibice byari mu nzira mbere yuko bava mu bwikorezi .
Ariko ibarura ryimodoka ya Ford na Lincoln ryiyongereye kugeza ku minsi 39. Itangwa ryimodoka ya Chevrolet ryiyongereye kugeza ku minsi 32.Nkuko uruganda rukora ibicuruzwa byinshi inganda zose zagiye zishyira imbere, itangwa rya pikipiki yuzuye isa nkaho itezimbere ibirango byabanyamerika, ukurikije imodoka ya Cox:
Bitandukanye n’imodoka nshya, ntihabura imodoka zikoreshwa, usibye ibinyabiziga byo mu rwego rwo hasi cyane.Ariko itangwa rirakomeye. Ibarura rusange ry’imodoka ryakoreshejwe mu bacuruzi ryazamutseho 2.7% kuva mu Kwakira rigera kuri miliyoni 2.31 mu Gushyingo, rikamanuka 11% guhera mu Gushyingo 2020, kuri data kuva Cox Automotive uyumunsi.
Muri izo modoka miliyoni 2.31, miliyoni 1.29 zari iz'abacuruzi badafite uburenganzira (nk'abacuruzi ba Ford cyangwa abacuruzi ba Toyota) .imodoka miliyoni 1.01 ziri mu maboko y’abacuruzi benshi bigenga, kuva mu bucuruzi buciriritse kugeza CarMax.
Isoko ryo mu mpera z'Ugushyingo ryari iminsi 44 - risubira mu rwego rusanzwe - ariko ibyo byagabanutseho 15% guhera mu Gushyingo 2020, kuko Ugushyingo byagurishijwe byiyongereyeho 5% umwaka ushize.
Ubwiyongere bw'ikigereranyo cyo gutondekanya ibiciro by'imodoka zikoreshwa mu ibarura byerekana ko ibiciro bitumvikana ku biciro by'imodoka byakoreshejwe guhera mu mpeshyi ya 2020 (byiyongereyeho 31% umwaka ushize mu Gushyingo):
Impuzandengo yo gutondekanya umucuruzi watsindiye francised yakoresheje imodoka yazamutse igera munsi y $ 30.000 hamwe nimpuzandengo ya odometer ya kilometero 62.000.Mu bacuruzi bigenga, igiciro cyo kurutonde cyazamutse kigera ku $ 25.000, naho ikigereranyo cya kilometero 78.000 kuri odometer.
Hamwe nabantu bose bazamura ibiciro, abacuruzi bari munsi y $ 15,000 basigaranye bike.Ariko itangwa ni ryinshi mugihe ibiciro biri hejuru. Kugeza ubu, biratangaje kubona Abanyamerika bafite ubushake, ndetse bashishikajwe no kwishyura ibi biciro bisekeje aho gutwara ibyo basanzwe batunze kuri a umwaka cyangwa ibiri:
Ishimire gusoma UMUHANDA W'IMBORO kandi ushaka kubishyigikira? Koresha iyamamaza - Ndabona rwose impamvu - ariko ndashaka gushyigikira urubuga? Urashobora gutanga impano. Ndabashimye cyane. Kanda kuri byeri hamwe nicyayi cyicyayi kugirango wige uburyo:
Itanga ubushishozi bwukuntu abakora ibinyabiziga bishya byubaka ibikorwa byabo byo kubyara umusaruro (inyungu nyinshi mbere, hanyuma ibicuruzwa bito-byoroheje, birashoboka ko byateganijwe kugirango byinjize / inyungu zose binyuze mu ivangura rishingiye ku giciro).
Ibyo birumvikana… nubwo binagaragaza ko bishoboka kugabanuka gukabije mu musaruro rusange w’imodoka (niba abari imbere borohewe no kugabanya isosiyete, “umutekano” wo kugurisha ibicuruzwa byinshi bishobora kuba imbata… Guhura n’ibikenewe bidakuka, ukeneye ibyago / kubabara umutwe kubyara imodoka ntoya?)
Amateka, buriwese yashakaga gupima kugabanya igiciro cyumusaruro… noneho kwamamaza bishobora guhangayikishwa nibindi.
Ariko ubu abaproducer basa nkaho barimo kwerekana ko bashobora kwemera 80% cyangwa 60% byubunini bwambere… mugihe cyose bashobora kugurisha inganda zitwara abantu.
Ntabwo wigeze uba mu gihugu cyahagaritse kugerageza kugabanya igiciro cy’ibicuruzwa / igiciro cy’ibicuruzwa would cyaba igihugu gikennye cyane ku baturage benshi.
Adam Smith yihanangirije ko ibihugu bifite “inyungu nyinshi” bizarimbuka.kuvuga gusa. Mu 1776, umwaka w'impinduramatwara yacu, Smith yasohoye igitabo cye cy’ubukungu cy’ubukungu cyitwa The Wealth of Nations.
Inyungu nyinshi yumvikana neza kugeza ubonye ko bivuze ko umugabane winjiza uhabwa umurimo ari muto cyane kuburyo udashobora kuramba.Iyi niyo nzira yubusumbane bwubutunzi.
Bimwe muribi birakenewe kugirango dushyigikire umubare munini wabasaza bageze mu zabukuru (inyungu margins -> kwishyura pansiyo).
Ariko nkuko Henry Ford yabigaragaje, iterambere ryinshi kuri bose risaba guhemba abakozi bahagije kugirango bagure ibyo bakora.Ibi nibyo bituma inyungu nyinshi zunganira abasezerewe.
Batekereza ko kwishyura amadorari 5 aruta guhugura abakozi bashya no kwihanganira gutinda kumurongo winteko, niyo mpamvu babikora, ariko bakabikoresha nkumubano rusange.
Ifasha gusobanura uburyo abashoramari batareba kure birengagije uburyo bwa Ford bamaze kubona amashuri ya leta kubyara abakozi benshi batagira ingano bashobora kwihanganira imirimo yo guterana inshuro nyinshi…
Imirimo yo guteranya "Mind-numbing" ntabwo aribyo utekereza ko.Hari ibikorwa bike kandi bike kubikorwa byintoki kumurongo winteko. Gusudira kwinshi bikorwa na robo… gushushanya bikorwa na robo… guterana imbere bikorwa n'imashini (abafasha b'abantu) . .
Imodoka zubatswe mu nganda zikonjesha, inyinshi muri zo zikaba zifite isuku kuruta igikoni gisanzwe.
Abanyeshuri barangije amashuri ya leta ubu ntibafite calculatrice kandi ntibashobora no guhinduka.Niba wumva ufite agahinda gakomeye, gura ikintu kidasanzwe mububiko bw'ibiribwa ku madorari 10, tanga 10 hanyuma uhindure kuri 5 hanyuma umwe umwe, hanyuma reba amaso yumwanditsi yijimye.
Kugurisha umubare muto ku giciro cyo hejuru ni byiza cyane ku ifaranga rihendutse no ku nguzanyo ntoya.Ibiciro gakondo, ntabwo ari ibya none na vuba bya ludicrous.
Niba isosiyete yimodoka ishaka kugurisha umurongo wibicuruzwa runaka, ubwo ni "uburenganzira" bwabo munsi yubucuruzi.
Reka twiyumvire ko Walmart igura cyangwa yubaka ubucuruzi bwo gukora imodoka. Wubake umuryango mwiza 4, moteri ya silinderi 4, uburyo bworoshye bwohereza ibintu, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki ntoya rwose, nibindi, kandi ubigumane byoroshye bishoboka.Noneho, bafite amabara 3 gusa, umutuku, cyera n'ubururu.
Igiciro kimwe. Shyira icyitegererezo kuruhande rwa buri Walmart. Igiciro cyamadorari 9,999.Nta mpaka. Shiraho inyungu na amortisation, ufata 5% kumyaka 5. (Kwishyura buri kwezi ni amadorari 200 kumwezi).
Rwose ntabwo "guterana amagambo" kubintu byose.Umwe yabigura nkuko biri.Intego nukugurisha imodoka muminota 30 cyangwa irenga hanyuma ukayigeza kuri Walmart Auto kumunsi ukurikira. Hafi ya byose birashobora gukorwa kumurongo kuri Wal-Mart Auto. com.
Mumyaka mirongo nibajije impamvu Walmart itabikoze.Ndashobora kwiyumvisha iterabwoba rikomeye riva mumasoko acuruza imodoka, abakora amamodoka yo murugo, kandi byanze bikunze, amabanki akora igitero cya Tucker kubantu bose bagerageza.
Nibyo, byumvikane neza mumyaka mirongo.Ariko biragaragara ko Abanyamerika badakunda kugura imodoka nto, zihenze - neza, bake barabikora, ariko umubare ni muto cyane. Yagerageje inshuro nyinshi mbere kandi izo modoka ntabwo zigurishwa. Twakunze kugurisha Ford Festiva nko muri 1990 kumadorari 4,999 mashya kandi ntamuntu numwe wayakoreraga amafaranga, ariko twashoboraga kugurisha 1 cyangwa 2 gusa mukwezi hamwe na pikipiki 150 gusa.Bahitamo kugura abana bafite imyaka ine nini kandi nziza kuruta ibintu byibanze, bito kandi bihendutse. Abanyamerika bishimisha nibinyabiziga byabo.
Marcus / Wolfe - Niba hari umuntu wasubiye inyuma mbere yIntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, nzi neza ko Sears yagerageje imodoka / za moto "zihendutse" .Nta ntsinzi, amaherezo…
Imiryango myinshi ntuyemo ikunda imodoka nto nkimodoka ya kabiri - ariko bashaka imodoka yakoreshejwe kuko ihendutse.Imodoka ikoreshwa nkimodoka yumugore numwana wurugendo rurerure - vuga amasaha 2 kugeza kuri 4.Ikindi kandi, abantu bari hasi- kwishyura akazi (benshi muribo) bahitamo gukoresha imodoka nto.Bashaka imodoka nini keretse babayemo.
Nyamara, muri rusange ntibakunda imodoka zakozwe n’abanyamerika cyangwa Abanyaburayi, kubera ko izo modoka nto zizwiho gusenyuka no gupfa bakiri bato muri iyi misozi. Toyota nto cyangwa Datsuns ishaje na Izuzus babaho iteka mumihanda ya kaburimbo bakayirasa mumigezi itemba unyuze muri iyo mihanda. Ibi ntibisanzwe mubice byose byicyaro muburengerazuba.
Abantu benshi hano bakunda Toyota, Ford 150 cyangwa Ranger ishaje, hamwe namakamyo manini ya Dodge. Amakamyo amwe yo muri Amerika aramba kurusha imodoka.Ndatekereza ko Dodge Ram ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cyimiterere, IDK.
Nkunda cyane isura no kubaka abashakashatsi ba Ford 4 × 4 na Bronkos, ariko iyo nza kuba mfite amafaranga natinyuka kugura bundi bushya kuko bagura hafi kimwe na base ya Toyota.Ntabwo bakomezaga cyangwa igihe kirekire.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-06-2022