Buri bwoko bw'igisenge bufite umwihariko wabashoramari bagomba gutekereza mugihe bashiraho imirasire y'izuba. Ibisenge by'ibyuma biza muburyo butandukanye bw'imyirondoro n'ibikoresho kandi bisaba gufunga byihariye, ariko gushyira imirasire y'izuba kuri ibyo bisenge byihariye biroroshye.
Ibisenge by'ibyuma ni uburyo busanzwe bwo gusakara ku nyubako z'ubucuruzi zifite hejuru gato, kandi nazo ziragenda zamamara ku isoko ryo guturamo. Isesengura ry’inganda z’ubwubatsi Dodge Construction Network ryatangaje ko iyinjizwa ry’icyuma cyo muri Amerika ryatuye ryiyongereye riva kuri 12% muri 2019 rigera kuri 17% muri 2021.
Igisenge cy'icyuma gishobora kuba urusaku mu gihe cy'imvura y'amahindu, ariko kuramba kwemerera kumara imyaka 70. Muri icyo gihe, ibisenge bya tile ya asfalt bifite igihe gito cyo gukora (imyaka 15-30) kuruta imirasire y'izuba (imyaka 25+).
“Ibisenge by'ibyuma ni ibisenge byonyine bimara igihe kirekire kuruta izuba. Urashobora gushira izuba ku bundi bwoko bw'igisenge (TPO, PVC, EPDM) kandi niba igisenge ari gishya iyo izuba rimaze gushyirwaho, birashoboka ko bizamara imyaka 15 cyangwa 20, "ibi bikaba byavuzwe n'Umuyobozi mukuru akaba n'uwashinze Rob Haddock! Uwakoze ibikoresho byo gusakara ibyuma. Ati: “Ugomba kuvanaho izuba kugira ngo usimbure igisenge, ibyo bikaba byangiza imikorere y’imari iteganijwe.”
Gushiraho igisenge cyicyuma bihenze kuruta gushiraho igisenge cya shingle, ariko birumvikana cyane kumafaranga kubwinyubako mugihe kirekire. Hariho ubwoko butatu bwo gusakara ibyuma: ibyuma bisya, ibyuma bigororotse hamwe nicyuma gikozwe mu mabuye:
Buri bwoko bw'igisenge busaba uburyo butandukanye bwo gushiraho imirasire y'izuba. Gushyira imirasire y'izuba hejuru yinzu irasa cyane no gushira kuri shitingi ikomatanya, kuko iracyasaba kwishyiriraho. Ku gisenge gikonjeshejwe, shyiramo transom mu mpande za trapezoidal cyangwa yazamuye igice cy'igisenge, cyangwa uhambire ibyuma ku nyubako.
Igishushanyo cy'inkingi z'izuba z'igisenge gikonjesha gikurikira imiterere yacyo. S-5! Gukora urutonde rwibikoresho bisakaye bikoresha ibyuma bifunga ibyuma bifunga amazi kuri buri gisenge cyinjira.
Ni gake cyane kwinjira byinjira hejuru yinzu. Imirasire y'izuba ifatanye hejuru yikurikiranya ikoresheje imfuruka zifata imfuruka zaciwe hejuru yindege ihagaritse icyuma, ikora ibiruhuko bifata umurongo mu mwanya. Izi ntera yazamuye kandi ikora nk'ubuyobozi buyobora, usanga akenshi mu mishinga y'izuba ifite ibisenge byubatswe.
Umuyobozi ushinzwe imicungire y'ibicuruzwa bya S-5, Mark Gies agira ati: "Muri rusange, hejuru y'inzu hari gari ya moshi ushobora gufata, gufunga no gushiraho." Ati: "Ntukeneye ibikoresho byinshi kuko ni igice cy'igisenge."
Ibisenge byubakishijwe amabuye bisa n'amabati y'ibumba ntabwo ari muburyo gusa, ahubwo no muburyo imirasire y'izuba yashyizweho. Ku gisenge cya tile, ushyiraho agomba gukuramo igice cya shitingi cyangwa guca shitingi kugirango agere kumurongo wimbere hanyuma agerekaho icyuma hejuru yinzu hejuru yinzu hejuru yigitereko kiva mu cyuho kiri hagati ya shitingi.
Mike Wiener, ushinzwe kwamamaza uruganda rukora imirasire y'izuba QuickBOLT yagize ati: "Mubisanzwe umucanga cyangwa gukata ibikoresho bya tile kugirango bishobore kwicara hejuru yandi matafari nkuko byateganijwe kandi ikariso irashobora kunyuramo." Ati: "Ukoresheje ibyuma bisize amabuye, mu byukuri ntugomba kubyitaho kuko ni ibyuma kandi byuzuye. Ukurikije igishushanyo mbonera, hagomba kubaho umwanya wo kuyobora hagati yabo. ”
Ukoresheje ibyuma bisize amabuye, abayishiraho barashobora kunama no kuzamura shitingi y'icyuma batayikuyeho cyangwa ngo yangize, hanyuma bagashyiraho ururobo rurenze icyuma. QuickBOLT iherutse gukora ibisenge byabugenewe byabugenewe hejuru yicyuma. Inkoni zakozwe kugirango zizenguruke imbaho zometse kuri buri murongo wibisenge byubatswe hejuru yicyuma.
Ibisenge by'ibyuma bikozwe cyane cyane mubyuma, aluminium, cyangwa umuringa. Kurwego rwa chimique, ibyuma bimwe ntibishobora kubangikana mugihe bihuye, bigatera icyo bita reaction ya electrochemic reaction itera ruswa cyangwa okiside. Kurugero, kuvanga ibyuma cyangwa umuringa na aluminium birashobora gutera amashanyarazi. Ku bw'amahirwe, ibisenge by'ibyuma ntibishobora guhumeka, bityo abayishyiraho barashobora gukoresha imitwe ya aluminiyumu, kandi ku isoko hari imiringa ihuza umuringa ku isoko.
Gies yagize ati: "Imyobo ya Aluminium, ingese irazimira." Ati: “Iyo ukoresheje ibyuma bidafunze, gusa ibidukikije birahinduka. Icyakora, urashobora gukoresha aluminiyumu yuzuye kuko aluminiyumu irinda ikoresheje urwego rudasanzwe. ”
Gukoresha umushinga wicyuma cyizuba umushinga ukurikiza amahame amwe nogukoresha ubundi bwoko bwinzu. Icyakora, Gies avuga ko ari ngombwa kubuza insinga guhura n’igisenge cyicyuma.
Intambwe yo kwifashisha sisitemu ishingiye kumurongo ni kimwe nubundi bwoko bwibisenge, kandi abayishiraho barashobora gukoresha inzira kugirango bafate insinga cyangwa babe umuyoboro wogukoresha insinga. Kubikorwa bidafite inzira kumurongo uhagaze hejuru, ushyiraho agomba guhuza umugozi kumurongo wama module. Giese arasaba gushiraho imigozi no guca insinga mbere yuko izuba ryizuba rigera hejuru yinzu.
Agira ati: “Iyo wubatse inyubako idafite inzira ku gisenge cy'icyuma, hagomba kwitabwaho cyane mu gutegura no gushushanya ahantu hasimbuka.” Ati: "Ni ngombwa gutegura module mbere - byose bigacibwa hanyuma bigashyirwa ku ruhande kugirango hatagira ikintu kimanikwa. Nibyiza imyitozo uko byagenda kose kuko kwishyiriraho byoroshye mugihe uri hejuru yinzu. ”
Igikorwa kimwe gikorwa numurongo wamazi ugenda hejuru yicyuma. Niba insinga zinyuze imbere, hariho gufungura kamwe hejuru yinzu hejuru yisanduku hamwe nisanduku ihuza aho gukoresha insinga kumwanya wabigenewe. Ubundi, niba inverter yashizwe kurukuta rwo hanze rwinyubako, insinga zirashobora kunyuzwa aho.
Nubwo ibyuma ari ibintu bitwara ibintu, guhagarika icyuma cyumushinga wizuba cyicyuma kimwe nubundi bwoko ubwo aribwo bwose ku isoko.
Gies yagize ati: "Igisenge kiri hejuru." Ati: “Waba uri kuri kaburimbo cyangwa ahandi, uzakenera guhuza no guhagarika sisitemu nkuko bisanzwe. Gusa ubigenze utyo kandi ntutekereze ko uri hejuru y'icyuma. ”
Kuri banyiri amazu, kwiyambaza igisenge cyicyuma biri mubushobozi bwibikoresho byo guhangana n’ibidukikije bikabije ndetse nigihe kirekire. Imishinga yo kubaka imirasire y'izuba kuri ibi bisenge ifite ibyiza bifatika kurenza shitingi hamwe na tile ceramic, ariko birashobora guhura nibibazo.
Shitingi ikomatanyirijwe hamwe ndetse nuduce twubatswe namabuye yorohereza ibyo bisenge byoroshye kugenda no gufata. Igisenge gikonjeshejwe kandi gihagaze neza kiroroshye kandi kinyerera iyo imvura iguye cyangwa urubura. Mugihe igisenge gisakaye cyane, ibyago byo kunyerera biriyongera. Mugihe ukorera kuri ibyo bisenge bidasanzwe, hagomba gukoreshwa uburyo bwiza bwo kurinda igisenge cyo kugwa hamwe na sisitemu yo kubika.
Ibyuma na byo ni ibintu biremereye cyane kuruta shitingi, cyane cyane mubihe byubucuruzi bifite ibisenge binini aho inyubako idashobora guhora ishyigikira uburemere bwiyongereye hejuru.
Alex Dieter, injeniyeri mukuru ushinzwe kugurisha no kwamamaza muri SunGreen Systems, umushinga w’izuba mu bucuruzi i Pasadena, muri Californiya, yagize ati: "Ibyo ni bimwe mu bibazo kuko rimwe na rimwe izi nyubako z’ibyuma zidakozwe kugira ngo zipime uburemere bwinshi." Ati: “Ukurikije rero igihe yubatswe cyangwa icyo yubatswe, ibona igisubizo cyoroshye cyangwa uburyo dushobora kuyikwirakwiza mu nyubako.”
Nubwo ibyo bibazo bishobora kuvuka, abayishiraho ntagushidikanya ko bazahura nimishinga myinshi yizuba hamwe nigisenge cyicyuma kuko abantu benshi bahitamo ibi bikoresho kubwimbaraga zayo no kuramba. Urebye imiterere yihariye, abashoramari barashobora gutunganya tekinike zabo zo gushiraho nkibyuma.
Billy Ludt ni umwanditsi mukuru muri Solar Power World kandi kuri ubu akubiyemo kwishyiriraho, kwishyiriraho hamwe nubucuruzi.
Gies yagize ati: "Imyobo ya Aluminium, ingese irazimira." Ati: “Iyo ukoresheje ibyuma bidafunze, gusa ibidukikije birahinduka. Icyakora, urashobora gukoresha aluminiyumu yuzuye kuko aluminiyumu irinda ikoresheje urwego rudasanzwe. ”
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-24-2024